Security of computer

An increasing number of hospitals in Vietnam are adding robotic surgery to their medical arsenal, hoping the extra set of mechanical hands will help give their patients some much needed relief.

Robotic surgery, computer-assisted surgery, and robot-assisted surgery are terms for technological developments that use robotic systems to aid in surgical procedures.

In 2014, the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital in Hanoi was the first to deploy the U.S.-made DaVinci surgery system for children’s endoscopic operations.

Between 2016 and 2017, more modern versions of the DaVinci robot began appearing at Binh Dan Hospital and Cho Ray Hospital, both located in Ho Chi Minh City, as well as at Bach Mai Hospital in Hanoi.

Dr. Pham Gia Hien, head of the pediatric neurosurgery center of Vietnam National Children’s Hospital, stressed that this type of technology, despite its astronomical cost, is the future of surgery.

A wonder tool for surgeons

In February 2019, the People’s Hospital 115 in Ho Chi Minh City amazed medical experts with a successful brain operation using a system known as Modus V Synaptive II from Canada.

This state-of-the-art surgery tool cost US$2.3 million, and marked its host hospital as the pioneer in applying robotic assistance in neurosurgery.

The equipment will aid the hospital’s staff with its 2,350 yearly neurological operations.

On February 15, surgeons at the People’s Hospital 115 spent a mere 1.5 hours performing a successful brain tumor operation on a female patient from Tay Ninh, a province neighboring Ho Chi Minh City.

Such an achievement came with the expertise from Dr. Chu Tan Si – head of the nerve surgery department – who undertook training in the U.S. in 2017 and in Switzerland in 2018, and the assistance of Professor Amin Kassam – vice-president of neurosciences at Aurora Health Care, a U.S.-based non-profit health care network.

“Thanks to the robotic system, operations can take place in a much shorter amount of time compared to microsurgery – that is, using a microscope without any robotic navigation,” Dr. Si said.

“Instead of looking at your hands, you look at a large screen while manipulating the robotic system.”

A group of doctors perform a surgery using computer-assisted technology. Photo: Tuoi Tre

According to its website, Modus V Synaptive II provides a larger field of view, a higher depth of field and more natural color reproduction.

This makes for a clear view of critical anatomical structures throughout the operation.

Dr. Si noted the benefits that such robotic surgery offers to both surgeons and patients.

“It adds confidence to the doctor with its AI [artificial intelligence] technology that can tell the difference between sensory neurotransmitters and can even advise the best approach route to avoid damage.”

Less pain, quicker recovery, lower cost

To the patients, computer-assisted surgery means fast-track recovery and reduced pain.

An elderly patient at Binh Dan Hospital could move around and eat normally only two days after her liver removal operation in August 2017.

“The surgeons and their robotic arms made this surgery such an easy pill to swallow. Now I can be up and running again,” the patient said.

As proof of the minimal pain robotically-assisted surgery can offer, doctors at Cho Ray Hospital have performed two successful live kidney transplants using robotic assistance.

T.V.T., a 59-year-old patient from the coastal city of Vung Tau, managed to walk about by himself and eat light rice porridge only days after his esophageal surgery here.

Dr. Do Ba Hung, deputy director of Binh Dan Hospital, said that robotic surgery allows a 3D field of view with high-definition resolution and a 12x magnification effect.

Binh Dan Hospital now offers robotic surgery service for urinary excretion operations and general surgery, with prices ranging around VND117-131 million ($5,000-5,600).

This amount is much lower than that for the same service in Singapore (around $26,000) and in the U.S. (around $41,000).

Also, the medical insurance policy has recently approved its coverage of certain robotic surgery types such as spinal and joint replacement operations.

According to Nguyen Ta Tinh, head of the policy faculty from Vietnam Social Security, children, the elderly and people who have made contributions to the country are entitled to 40 percent of the total cost, and regular patients 30 percent.

Surgeons operate the robotic arms while watching an HD screen. Photo: Tuoi Tre

A cause for concern

The robotic systems are an expensive investment, priced from $2.3 million to $3.5 million, according to data gathered by TuoiTre (Youth) newspaper.

Surveys have revealed that there are around 3,000 robotic surgery systems in the U.S., 100 in South Korea and around ten in Vietnam.

Besides those available in Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi, the Maternity and Pediatrics Hospital in the northern province of Quang Ninh performed for the first time a hysterectomy surgery on a 49-year-old patient from Van Don District in November 2018.

Its director, Nguyen Quoc Hung, said that he felt a need for a more powerful device after this test run.

Robotic surgery systems, according to medical experts, is a cautious investment as the cost can be up to $4.3 million apiece.

Hospitals are advised to think twice regarding the functionality of the tool and their target patients.

According to Dr. Hien from Vietnam National Children’s Hospital, the cost of robotic surgery, for the patient, is 20 times as high as that of regular endoscopic operations.

He cautions against a technology race, quoting what happened in the Philippines, where hospitals paid through the nose for devices that fall into disuse because of understaffing.

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Receiving the task of establishing the national population database, the Police Department for Administrative Management of Social Order (PC06) under the Ministry of Public Security selected the joint venture named VNPT – HADIC – GTEL ICT to design and then build this database.

The project to form a citizen ID card issuance and management system is assigned to the joint venture of GTEL ICT – Tecapro – Egov and the joint venture of MK Group.

Aiming at being modern, synchronous, highly secured, and money-saving, the two systems are centrally designed and located in Hanoi, with a backup one in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC).

Both exploit the fingerprint biometrics technology for ease of tracking the origin of a person. Notably, the second system shares data with the first one while consistently ensuring level-4 data security in accordance with the Government’s regulation. Identification via digital signature is also used to maintain the completeness of the database.

The national database on population is the one of the cores in establishing an e-government and a digital government, society later. Therefore, participants in developing this database must be IT capable and fully experienced in doing large complex national projects.

Being the leader in the project, VNPT concentrates its most powerful human resources of 3,000 high-leveled employees to perform necessary tasks nationwide.

The joint venture of VNPT – HADIC – GTEL ICT then select the multi-layer and multi-techno architecture to ensure the tightest security possible. Other state-of-the-art technologies in the world are also chosen to form this database to offer the greatest convenience to users while allowing adjustments in the future.

Meanwhile, MoPS cooperated with related organizations to research the optimal method to produce chip-and-QR-code attached citizen ID cards that are pleasing to the eye. These cards must also follow international standards and meet technical criteria.

At present, the police are issuing new citizen ID cards nationwide, with the aim to deliver 50 million cards before July 1, 2021 for eligible people.

Major-General To Van Hue, Head of PC06, shared that the national population database and the issuance and management system for citizen ID cards are among the 6 prioritized databases to be the foundation for the creation of an e-government.

The successful development and operation of these systems are expected to enrich the e-government ecosystem in our nation, contributing to form a transparent government and a digital Vietnam in the near future.

By Quynh Luu – Translated by Vien Hong

The Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer USS John S. McCain (DDG 56) transits through South China Sea while conducting routine underway operations, February 5, 2021. — Photo from the US Department of Defense

HÀ NỘI — Việt Nam is a responsible member of the international community and always upholds provisions under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Seas (UNCLOS 1982), spokesperson for the foreign ministry Lê Thị Thu Hằng said.

She made the statement on Thursday in the regular press briefing, held virtually this time due to COVID-19 in Hà Nội, when asked for Việt Nam’s reaction to the US Navy’s first freedom of navigation operation (FONOP) held under the Biden administration in February.

The guided-missile destroyer USS John S. McCain reportedly conducted the FONOP near the Trường Sa (Spratly) and Hoàng Sa (Paracel) archipelagoes in the South China Sea (known as the East Sea by Việt Nam) over which Việt Nam has repeatedly claimed sovereignty, but contested by mainland China and China’s Taiwan.

“By engaging in innocent passage without giving prior notification to or asking permission from any of the claimants,” the US Navy noted in a statement.

Also regarding the recent statement by French Minister of Armed Forces Florence Parly that France had sent the nuclear submarine, SNA Emeraude, to patrol the South China Sea, together with the naval support ship BSAM Seine, the said spokesperson said: “As a responsible member of the international community and a signatory of the UNCLOS 1982, Việt Nam always upholds the provisions of the UNCLOS, including items related to maritime and flight activities over the sea regions set up in accordance with UNCLOS 1982.”

“The maintenance of peace, stability, security and order, safety, maritime and overflight freedom, the rule of law, with respect to sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdiction of the littoral countries in the South China Sea, in a manner that is consistent with the UNCLOS 1982, is the shared goal, interests, responsibility, and aspiration of all countries and of the international community,” Hằng said.

Việt Nam hopes that all countries would strive for “positive contribution” to the maintenance of peace and stability on the basis of international law in the South China Sea region, the Vietnamese diplomat stressed. — VNS